After The Fall Essays - Marilyn Monroe, Joseph McCarthy,

After The Fall After the Fall Arthur Miller has written many great plays in his life, such as A View from the Bridge ,Death of a Salesman ,The Misfits, The Crucible, and After the Fall. Out of all his plays it is said that After the Fall is the darkest plays he has written. I believe that this is a true statement, and that the reasons this is his darkest play is because it deals with his inner feelings on thing that he had to deal with in his life. The certain aspects that he touched in this play are his marriage with Marilyn Monroe , who was a great actress in her time. Marilyn is portrayed though the character Maggie who is a very innocent girl who, like Marilyn, was looked at mainly as a sex symbol. After the Fall also deals with Millers brush with authorities over communism in the 50's. To describe this concept Miller describes himself as a lawyer who is defending an old friend who is being threaded as being a communist or portraying communistic ideas in his latest book. Though out the play the main character, Quentin deals with his relationships with women. Two of the women who play very important roles are his wife Louise, and his mother ,Rose. Lousie tries to break out of the traditional idea that the wife is there to just cook, clean, take care of both the children and the husband, and be what is portrayed to me as a robot, where she does not have any thoughts of her own. Rose is what every Jewish mother is described as. She is seen as a strong woman, has a lot of say in what is going on, seems to have an icy touch when dealing with certain people, but is always trying to look on the good side of things. His mother is the ideal woman who Quentin holds every other woman in his life up to. The back round of most of the play is set in the early 1950 during the McCarthy trials. By 1950 the senate was in an era of anti-Communist hysteria. Senator Joseph McCarthy launched a series of highly publicized investigations in the State Department, Hollywood, and even the U.S. Army. This was intend to root out Communism. The aggressive attacks that McCarthy launched lead to a wide spread fear and suspicion though many sectors of American society. Since McCarthy had little evidence to back his claims up McCarthy fell into disfavor. In 1954 he was censured by the Senate for abusing his authority.

Thom Mayne, Short Bio of an American Pritzker Winner

Thom Mayne, Short Bio of an American Pritzker Winner Thom Mayne has been called many things, from an uncompromising rebel to just plain difficult. Hes also been an academic, mentor, and prize-winning architect for many decades. Most importantly, Maynes legacy includes solving urban problems through connections and viewing architecture as a continuous process rather than a static form. Background: Born: January 19, 1944, Waterbury, Connecticut Education and Professional Training: 1968: Bachelor of Architecture, University of Southern California1978: Master of Architecture, Harvard University Graduate School of Design Professional: 1968-1970: Planner for Victor Gruen1972: Founder Morphosis, Culver City, California1972: Co-founder Southern California Institute of Architecture (SCI-Arc), Santa Monica, California Selected Buildings: 1978: 2-4-6-8 House, Venice, California1983: 72 Market Street Restaurant, Venice, CA (1986 AIA Merit Award)1986: Kate Mantilini Restaurant, Beverly Hills, CA1988: Cedar Sinai Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA1990: The Crawford Residence, Montecito, CA1991: Salick Health Care Office Building, Los Angeles, CA (1992 AIA Honor Award)1990: MTV Studios, Los Angeles, CA1995: The Blades Residence, Santa Barbara, CA1997: Sun Tower, Seoul, South Korea1999: Diamond Ranch High School, Pomona, California2002: Hypo Alpe-Adria Center, Austria2005: Caltrans District 7 Headquarters, Los Angeles, CA2006: Wayne L. Morse United States Courthouse, Oregon2007: U.S. Federal Building, San Francisco, CA2009: Float House, Make it Right Foundation2009: Cooper Union for the Advancement of Science and Art, 41 Cooper Square, NYC2013: Perot Museum of Nature and Science, Dallas, Texas2014: Gates Hall, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York2014: Emerson Los Angeles (ELA), Hollywood, CA2016: Hanking Center T ower, Shenzhen, China 2017: Bloomberg Center, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York Other Designs: 1981: Vietnam War Memorial Competition1990: Osaka Expo 90 Folly, Japan2000: New York Times Magazine Time Capsule competition2003: Silent Collisions, Belgium Awards: 1987: Rome Prize, American Academy of Design in Rome1992: Brunner Prize Award in Architecture, American Academy of Arts and Letters2004: Fellow of the American Institute of Architects (FAIA)2005: Pritzker Prize2009: President Obamas Commission on Arts and Humanities2013: AIA Gold Medal Thom Mayne In His Own Words: I have absolutely no interest in producing a building that just accommodates X, Y and Z function.- 2005, TED But basically, what we do is, we try to give coherence to the world. We make physical things, buildings that become a part in an accretional process; they make cities. And those things are the reflection of the processes, and the time that they are made. And what Im doing is attempting to synthesize the way one sees the world and the territories which are useful as generative material.- 2005, TED ...the idea that architecture is defined as single buildings- of whatever size- that can be plugged into a comprehensible, planned urban matrix is no longer adequate to address the needs of people adapting to a highly mobile and ever-changing urban society.- 2011, Combinatory Urbanism, p. 9 I have no interest at all in conceiving something in my brain and saying, This is what it looks like....Architecture is the beginning of something, because its- if youre not involved in first principles, if youre not involved in the absolute, the beginning of that generative process, its cake decoration....its not what Im interested in doing. And so, in the formation of things, in giving it form, in concretizing these things, it starts with some notion of how one organizes.- 2005, TED The practice of architecture, which has traditionally been aligned with permanence and stability, must change to accommodate and take advantage of the rapid changes and increased complexities of contemporary reality....combinatory urbanism engages the premise of continuous process over static form....- 2011, Combinatory Urbanism, p. 29 No matter what Ive done, what Ive tried to do, everybody says it cant be done. And its continuous across the complete spectrum of the various kind of realities that you confront with your ideas. And to be an architect, somehow you have to negotiate between left and right, and you have to negotiate between this very private place where ideas take place and the outside world, and then make it understood.- 2005, TED If you want to survive, youre going to have to change. If you dont change, youre going to perish. Simple as that.- 2005, AIA National Convention (PDF) What Others Say About Mayne: Thom Mayne has been, throughout his career, regarded as a rebel. Even today, after his recognized success as an architect of major building projects, requiring the management of a large office- Morphosis- and a world-wide practice, terms like maverick and bad boy and difficult to work with still cling to his reputation. Part of this is the attraction of the popular press, where he appears frequently, to anything racy and even slightly scandalous. Part of it is a sign of respect- we want our American heroes to be tough and independent, having their own ideals, charting their own paths. Part of it is, in Maynes case, simply true.- Lebbeus Woods (1940-2012), architect Maynes approach toward architecture and his philosophy is not derived from European modernism, Asian influences, or even from American precedents of the last century. He has sought throughout his career to create an original architecture, one that is truly representative of the unique, somewhat rootless, culture of Southern California, especially the architecturally rich city of Los Angeles. Like the Eameses, Neutra, Schindler, and Gehry before him, Thom Mayne is an authentic addition to the tradition of innovative, exciting architectural talent that flourishes on the West Coast.- Pritzker Architecture Prize Jury Citation Maynes architecture does not rebel against conventions so much as it absorbs and transforms them and moves on in a direction that demonstrates how buildings and the spaces they provide, both within and without, can engage the unpredictable yet highly tangible dynamics of the present. He accepts the conventional typologies- bank, high school, courthouse, office building- of the programs his clients hand to him, with a generosity that speaks of his respect for the needs of others, even those with whom he shares little in the way of outlook and sensibility.- Lebbeus Woods Sources: Whos Who in America 2012, 66th edition, vol. 2, Marquis Whos Who  ©2011, p. 2903; Biography, An Essay on Thom Mayne By Lebbeus Woods, and Jury Citation,  © The Hyatt Foundation, pritzkerprize.com; Thom Mayne on architecture as connection, TED Talk Filmed February 2005 [accessed June 13, 2013]; Combinatory Urbanism, Selected Introductory Material the New Orleans Urban Redevelopment chapter (PDF), 2011 [accessed June 16, 2013] Learn More: Combinatory Urbanism: The Complex Behavior of Collective Form by Thom Mayne, 2011Thom Mayne: U.S. Federal Office Building, San Francisco, Tom Piper and Charles Gansa, Directors, Landmarks in 21st Century American Architecture Series, Checkerboard Film Foundation, 2008 (DVD)Morphosis: Buildings and Projects

Human Right Law Coursework (Final Year LLB Law) Essay

Human Right Law Coursework (Final Year LLB Law) - Essay Example It is in this context that the concept of ‘living instrument’ is often challenged by critics under the scepticism that considering present conditions may be contradictory and evidently different from the set guidelines and regimes followed by state courts; thus raising perplexities and conflicts amid the beneficiaries and the law enforcers. Emphasising this scepticism concerning the effectiveness of the living instrument, Brenda Hale (Baroness Hale of Richmond), stated in her lecture on â€Å"Common law and Convention law: the limits to interpretation† that the living instrument incorporated by the court of Strasbourg should have certain limits and it should not be unstoppable such as the beanstalk grown from â€Å"magic beans†2. Contextually, the primary intention of the essay will be to evaluate the past decisions of cases laid by the Strasbourg Court and critically assess the limits stated by Lady Hale in the context. The essay will also evaluate the cha nces or the probability of introducing any limits in the use of the living instrument in the Strasbourg Court. Discussion Living Instrument The ‘living instrument doctrine’ is often regarded as one of the founding principles of the Strasbourg case-law. Based on this principle, the conflicts registered in the ECHR are interpreted in the light of present day condition. In general terms, the aspect of a living instrument can be explained as an approach of the ECHR to consider the present day conditions while making a decision rather than what the drafters thought way back in the conventional era. This idea of the court is often regarded as â€Å"dynamic or evaluative†, which is however criticised as directly contradictory to the concept of ‘originalism’3. It will be crucial to mention that since the convention is considered and practiced as a living instrument, it is bound to consider only the present day conditions in order to ensure the practicality a nd effectiveness of the ECHR4. This particular notion adopted by ECHR, as a living instrument, can be comprehensively understood with reference to the cases of Mata Estevez v Spain (2001) and Schalk and Kopf v Austria (2010). For example, in the case of Mata Estevez v Spain (2001), the Strasbourg Court disapproved that the relationship between same-sex couples falls within the principles of Article 8 (â€Å"Right to respect for private and family life†) of ECHR and thus cannot be considered to be under the family scope to be entitled for the related human rights. However, in the case of Schalk and Kopf v Austria (2010), the court approved the relationship of same sex couples to be applicable under the principle of Article 8 of ECHR. In this case, the court considered the present day condition where same sex couples are treated and accepted with utmost respect in the society5. Strictly following the principle of ‘living instrument’ can give rise to various drawbac ks in the law enforcement procedure, which has become the base of continuing debate on the effectiveness of

Eye of the Albatross Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Eye of the Albatross - Assignment Example A sharp contrast also exists between the perception of sea usage by the Albatross and the Humans. While the Albatross uses the sea as their lifetime habitat, obtain food and shelter from the seas and oceans, the human usage of the sea is quite different. They use the seas to obtain gifts, though piracy, where they capture and terrorize other humans in order to achieve their goals, goals to enrich themselves from the properties and at the expense of others (Mancke, 225). While the Humans perceive the Albatross, as a burden to them, similarly is the Amelia’s perception of human, as a burden to the albatross, they capture them and other sea birds, and then slaughter them for food, sports, or feathers. Any interaction of Humans and the Albatross is of a destructive nature, where the humans capture and kills the birds while taking their eggs, thus threatening their survival. Humans use the hooking lines to capture and kill the Albatrosses for their food. The perception of the sea d iffers between the Albatrosses and the Humans, in that Humans perceive the sea as a trash bin where they can dispose all their wastes. This in turn affects the life of the sea birds by polluting their habitats and eventually causing them inhabitable and poisonous. This further risks the lives of the sea birds and threatens their survival (Safina, 151). While the Albatrosses uses the sea to survive and thrive, owing to it being their habitable environment, Human have always perceived and used the seas and the oceans as a territory through which to exercise their power, eventually controlling the other humans. The Europeans used the sea and the oceans to exercise their powers and eventually colonized the Africans and the Asians (Mancke, 227). The comparison between Amelia and the human perception of the sea is that both utilize it for one goal, surviving and thriving. The proletarians, the poor, and the peasants engage in sea activities to seek for food and other means of survival. Th is is however different from the other group of humans; the politicians, the diplomats and the military who uses the sea and oceans as a platform to obtain dominance over the others. The relationship between humans with each other and Albatrosses with each other sharply defers. While the relationship between the Albatrosses is that of support and assistance, the human relationship is that of master-servant, with the powerful and the well off dominating over their subordinates. The perception on the importance of seas and oceans differs between the Albatrosses and humans. While the albatrosses views the seas and the oceans as the only source of livelihood, with the dry land being used for procreation only, to humans the reverse is true (Lewis, 192). Human perceives the mass of dry land as the most important of the two, since this is where he lives and undertakes all his life activities. To human, the seas, and oceans, if anything, serves to supplement the source of livelihood that ma n has, the land. No wonder therefore, humans have always tried to reduce the size of seas and oceans by increasing the masses of dry land. While the entire Albatrosses population lives and co-exists in the seas and oceans, only a few of the human population lives or even depends on the sea for their livelihoods (Lewis, 212). The few humans that depend on the seas and oce

1927 U.S. Supreme Court case of Buck v. Bell Research Paper

1927 U.S. Supreme Court case of Buck v. Bell - Research Paper Example Buck, although was not a mentally retarded became a victim of conspiracy by her lawyer who colluded with the state by merely opposing procedural impropriety of Virginia law. The U.S. Supreme Court merely upheld the law as compliant of fourteenth amendment without going through the mistake of fact that Buck was a mentally retarded person. Ever since, many states have enacted promptly and many have since repealed them though after decades of injustice to the forcibly sterilized victims. The genetic pre-disposition is a debatable issue and without any conclusive evidence, it is disastrous to forcibly sterilize the hapless and vulnerable persons in prisons and asylums only. What happened to eugenics, particularly enforced sterilization, in the years following the Supreme Court’s findings in the Buck v. Bell case? What is the current legal status of enforced sterilization in the U.S.? Buck v Bell (1927) case was wrong if viewed from the angle of â€Å"mistake of fact† (Larso n, 2012, p. 128) but justified within the perspectives of â€Å"Eugenics†. It was a mistake of fact because Buck was not mentally retarded nor had a promiscuous life. Her own foster parents’ relatives had raped her resulting in her giving birth to a mentally retarded child which died at the age of eight. ... It is a scientific fact that mental illnesses can be due to genetic predisposition of individuals concerned meaning that these diseases are hereditary in nature capable of being passed on to future generations or off-springs of an affected individual. Thus, the well-meant laws of state legislature could not but be upheld by the Supreme Court in deference to the wishes of the legislators. Virginia’s eugenic laws were defended by both conservatives and progressives. Republicans, Democrats, lay citizens, Christians and Jews also supported the bills. Supreme Court only upheld the popular will of States concerned. The notions of â€Å"like breeds like† and public policy considerations advocated in Plato’s Republic and the idea of encouraging best humans to reproduce were overwhelming as well (Larson, 2012, pp. 120-121). The Buck decision came in 1927 and by 1937 thirty two states had enacted compulsory sterilization laws and five more could manage sterilizations witho ut passing laws to that effect. Merits of eugenics notwithstanding, the Supreme Court was placed with factual mistakes concerning the victim Buck and it therefore upheld the law as having complied with due process requirement that was the only dispute at issue consequent to 14th Amendment (Larson, 2012, p. 124). It is quite ironical that Supreme Court did not think it fit to hold the view that criminal behavior was inheritable and hence ruled against sterilization proposals for three times repeat offenders in the year 1942 while deciding in Skinner v. Oklahoma (1942). As such, the Supreme Court has not overruled Buck so far. Skinner was overturned for reasons of sterilization as a punishment rather than

History Of Localization And Glocalization Marketing Essay

History Of Localization And Glocalization Marketing Essay Social capital in multinational companies is part and parcel of human resource management, whether locally or internationally. The terms globalization, localization and glocalization are expressions introduced to economy only recently. It is needless to say that globalization and localization refer (in finance) to economic concepts including multinational corporations, sale and purchase and other services. Since the end of the Cold War, we have been facing economic struggle instead of the military one that prevailed for many decades.   But glocalization is an exceptional term, since it is coined of two words (globalization and localization). In this paper I intend to examine the evolution of glocalization and present some practical examples from my environment (Norway) to find out how this term works. Some sociologists, anthropologists and economist classify capital into three main types. Pierre Bourdieu distinguishes between three capitals: economic capital, cultural capital and social capital. In this paper I will try to describe the structure of the banking industry with a focus on Western Europe and the Nordic countries. Furthermore, I will describe how my own organization (Nordea Bank ASA) should relate to the global evolution toward a more global banking industry. Let me start with the notion of globalization in economy first and then proceed to glocalization. Theodore Levitt article, Globalization of markets in the Harvard Business Review in 1983 introduced a heated discussion of consequences of globalization, which revolved around global governance, independence and local market conditions. Globalization in this context is defined as a process where banks are larger and fewer and where they operate largely across countries and regions, i.e. that we call global oligopoly. The globalization of the banking industry is still in its infancy, but some features appear already to be central to the development of this industry in the coming years. In Norway, globalization will involve new challenges and opportunities for Norwegian banks both in Norway and abroad.   The Europe Commission has set a goal to reduce the many trade barriers that stand in the way of an efficient financial market in Europe. It is not easy to set borders between globalization and glocalization in economy or in social applications. Glocalization is defined by (Wellman B. 2001) as the following Glocalization is a neologism meaning the combination of intense local and extensive global interaction   Du +1-et dette offentlig. Angre Glocalization is a proposed solution to some problems of globalization. Critics believe globalization causes conflict between an emerging worldwide system of values and regional autonomy, resulting in the destruction of local cultures. Glocalization proposes to mediate between this global system and local community and that local practices be respected. It often involves tailoring products intended for international distribution to the tastes of local consumers. To illustrate the strategic implications and choices, I will use the model The nine strategic windows (Solberg 1997). C:UsersIhabDesktopniggaUten navn.bmp This approach is a dynamic model that enables us to indicate which strategies the players should choose in the future market. The analysis will therefore focus on the conditions that should be present for such a role that each bank should use effectively. The two dimensions of this matrix are the industrys globality and the banks ability for internationalization. In the study, I will use the model with nine windows indicating nine specific strategic options. Over the last 30 years, we have seen that some Norwegian banks seeking to internationalize their operations by establishing branches abroad. Banks range from Stay home market, to Strengthen position in the global markets orfind new owners with the international network . Thus different banks are located not only at different points along the y-axis, but also along the x-axis (the industry globality). If one is located to the left of the matrix, it indicates little globality. There will be fewer opportunities and threats of global ization, which should then set the orientation of the strategies that banks should choose depending on how they are positioned along the y-axis. I have already placed some Norwegian banks in this picture. Globalization of the banking industry had impacts on Norwegian banks and Norwegian banking industry. This is due to the fact that in the past banks had different products and services in diverse markets and were affected differently by the structural and international barriers. The strategies will be on the one hand more affected by consolidation in established markets; on the other hand, globalization could represent major threats but many opportunities. Other strategic alternatives will be more effective, depending on the location along the y-axis. Studies of multi-national companies (MNS) use of European banks (Berger Smith 2003; Berger, Dai, Ongen Smith 2003) show that the banking industry still has some way to go before it can be called global. A problem with this model is in its construction. It is simple to understand, there are many ways to define the two dimensions and fault localization could lead to completely w rong conclusions in strategic choices in an individual company. As a practical example, Nordea Bank, which is the largest bank in the Nordic and Baltic region with headquarters in Stockholm bank, is the result of successive Nordic acquisitions and mergers in the period 1997 to 2000. Through its around 10 million customers of which 4.9 are the online customers and 1,300 branches is the market leader in the Nordic region with 35, 20, 20 and 15% market share to Finland, Denmark, Sweden and Norway.   Our vision is to be the leading Nordic bank. Growth strategy has been mergers and acquisitions, but the strategy is further organic growth in the Nordic and near abroad emerging markets (Annual Report 2006). In Norway, the goal is to increase market share in the retail market. Nordea is well equipped to meet the challenges that globalization entails. Furthermore, our assessment is that the Baltic / Poland for strategic reasons should be developed in order to restrain the activities of other banks, especially German and Austrian, but also other fore ign banks. The possible scenario is that Poland is an exciting emerging market is an arena where major Western European banks competing for market share. We realize that this may be difficult in Russia. Nordea has a major share in Ogresbank but does not control the bank 100%.   In this respect, Russia should be an important priority for Nordea.   http://www.investopedia.com/terms/g/glocalization.asp#ixzz2NYBBvRnm Finally, I have proved to review the social culture, social capital and glocalization in Nordea and other firms. Some other examples, I intend to cite are McDonalds Corporation and MTV Networks activities. McDonalds Corporation has restaurants in more than 100 countries. Instead of offering an American-style menu in a place like Dubai and other Islamic countries, where people do not eat pig meat, McDonald sells mostly chicken, lamb and beef. Big-ticket items in the automotive industry are examples of glocalization. Mercedes-Benz or BMW car manufacturers present many different engine offerings and trim levels for their home market.   But the cars offered abroad are usually limited to more powerful engines and higher-end interiors. Likewise, MTV Networks, which broadcasts in many countries, does not offer the same programming in all those countries. The network tailors each channel to suit those countries individual tastes and features regional and international musicians. With satellite TV, audiences can even glocalize their living rooms. Numerous foreign-language channels can be ordered, so an immigrant from Italy can catch her favorite variety shows on RAI International, or an Egyptian expat can catch regional news from back home on Al Jazeera channel.

Microsoft Essay -- Windows Computers Technology Essays

Microsoft There have been many arguments and issues that have been raised with the controversy over Microsoft and the U.S. Department of Justice’s claim against Microsoft and its founder Bill Gates of monopolistic practices in bundling its internet browser â€Å"Internet Explorer† into its popular Windows computer operating system. By doing this, Microsoft would effectively crush its competitors (it’s main rival being Netscape Navigator), and acquire a monopoly over the software that people use to access the Internet. I recently heard a listener on NPR (National Public Radio) comment about the monopoly issue between Microsoft and the U.S. D.O.J. that â€Å"Intellectual endeavors are vastly infinite and thus cannot be monopolized.† I wonder if the person who said this has ever tried telling that to Bill Gates. More importantly, is such a statement true? Does computer software constitute an intellectual endeavor that cannot be monopolized? To answer this issue, an inductive argument can be applied to determine if Microsoft truly has a monopoly over the computer industry. To say that something is infinite implies that there is an endless supply of it. Is this the case in terms of the Internet and the software that is used to â€Å"navigate† or â€Å"explore† the Internet as the two leading Internet Browsers have been dubbed by their makers? The resources of the Internet may seem infinitely vast, but it is wholly finite. There is an abundance of information out there on th e Internet that it seems unlikely that any one company or even a country like the U.S. could ever monopolize this vast data network. By the nature of how the Internet works and how information is stored and shared on the network, it is true that a monopoly cannot be held over the intellectual information stored within the Internet. On this point I will accede to the original author’s claim that intellectual endeavors cannot be monopolized, but this is vastly different from the issue that stands before Microsoft and the U.S. Department of Justice. The question that must be distinguished is not if Microsoft will gain a monopoly over the Internet, but if it will acquire a monopoly on how people access the Internet. These two are wholly separate issues. This is not a question of control of intellectual information, but the means by which people gain *access* to that information. Even if the inform... ...l by bundling its browser into its operating system which already controls 90% of the worlds’ market. The ubiquitous nature of Microsoft in our everyday computing lives is seemingly subconscious, yet when we realize the broad influence of this computer giant upon our life it becomes a frightening possibility. Thoughts of Orwellian â€Å"Big Brother† comes to mind at times. The question of whether Microsoft has a monopoly over the computer industry is a resounding yes. It is a near virtual monopoly in the computer industry. The question thus becomes not whether Microsoft is a monopoly, but why it has taken so long for the government to intercede into the affairs that would regulate this ever growing computer giant. It would be wise to follow the lesson of Jack who cut down the beanstalk in a fable that has all too real applications in our modern-day computerized world. Bibliography Gleick, James. â€Å"MAKING MICROSOFT SAFE FOR CAPITALISM† The New York Times Magazine. William Morris Agency, May 18, 1995. Nader, Ralph and Love, James. â€Å"What to Do About Microsoft?† LE MONDE DIPLOMATIQUE, November 1997 NPR News. May 5 1998 (Station KBRW 89.9 FM) 8:00 AM â€Å"Morning Edition†